2084 and the AI Revolution, Updated and Expanded Edition: How Artificial Intelligence Informs Our Future
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- Create Date：2024-11-16 03:20:28
- Update Date：2025-09-06
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- Author：John C. Lennox
- ISBN：0310166640
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Summary
Will technology change what it means to be human？ You don't have to be a computer scientist to have discerning conversations about artificial intelligence and technology。 We all wonder where we're headed。 Even now， technological innovations and machine learning have a daily impact on our lives， and many of us see good reasons to dread the future。 Are we doomed to the surveillance society imagined in George Orwell's 1984 ？ Mathematician and philosopher John Lennox believes that there are credible answers to the daunting questions that AI poses， and he shows that Christianity has some very serious， sensible， evidence-based responses about the nature of our quest for superintelligence。 2084 will introduce you to a kaleidoscope of In straight-forward language， you'll get a better understanding of the current capacity of AI， its potential benefits and dangers， the facts and the fiction， as well as possible future implications。 The questions posed by AI are open to all of us， daunting as they might be。 And they demand answers。 2084 is written to challenge and ignite the curiosity of all readers。 No matter your worldview， Lennox provides clear information and credible answers that will bring you real hope for the future of humanity。
Reviews
Somaiah Baloch
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İ was surprisingly amazed how these goodThe twisted event the deep ideas i recommend it highly
Josiah Harmon
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Interesting concepts and a wildly different approach to thinking about AI development。 I enjoyed how in-depth Lennox goes into the secular beliefs about AI and humanity and their ramifications versus a Christian perspective。
Julian Walker
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Creationist non-insight。
David Thorvaldsen
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A great overview of the historical， present， and future state of technology， AI， and humanity。 Brought home with， and seen through the lens of， a Biblical worldview。
Aaron
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A worthwhile read considering all the discourse and advancement in AI。
Loren Rugen
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Fascinating details about the progress and abilities of AI technology， but better yet， a practical Christian analysis of how Christians can live and respond to it。 Even as we seek to improve human flourishing with new technology， we cannot rely on our man-made inventions to save us。 No amount of intelligence， by man or machine， will replace our need for a savior。 So we cannot be idealistic to think AI will being about utopia， but we also do not need to lose hope for any potential that of dystopi Fascinating details about the progress and abilities of AI technology， but better yet， a practical Christian analysis of how Christians can live and respond to it。 Even as we seek to improve human flourishing with new technology， we cannot rely on our man-made inventions to save us。 No amount of intelligence， by man or machine， will replace our need for a savior。 So we cannot be idealistic to think AI will being about utopia， but we also do not need to lose hope for any potential that of dystopia。 。。。more
Antonio Arias
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Fenomenal Con un enfoque en datos de la inteligencia artificial， sus avances， sus beneficios， sus contra y sus desafíos， John Lennox， expone magistralmente que al final todas las ansias de mejora con la IA， van a ser finalmente cumplidas， no con algo artificial， sino con algo real， verificado históricamente que es la resurrección de Jesús y su segunda venida que sucederá en el futuro， no específico， el cumplimiento total de la narrativa cristiana， como cita el。 Libro recomendado
Koen
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Lennox’s book 2084 was not what I expected。 Though it promises to explore the future of humanity and artificial intelligence， the direction it takes later in the chapters was surprising。The book starts off strong， introducing what AI is and explaining its capabilities in a way that is easy for readers who may not have prior knowledge on the topic。 Lennox provides enough context to grasp the concept and form an opinion， laying a good foundation。 He then connects AI to contemporary technology， cit Lennox’s book 2084 was not what I expected。 Though it promises to explore the future of humanity and artificial intelligence， the direction it takes later in the chapters was surprising。The book starts off strong， introducing what AI is and explaining its capabilities in a way that is easy for readers who may not have prior knowledge on the topic。 Lennox provides enough context to grasp the concept and form an opinion， laying a good foundation。 He then connects AI to contemporary technology， citing relevant examples like its uses in medicinal advances and the Chinese surveillance state。For the first half， the book aligned with its promise of exploring AI’s capabilities and potential impact of society。 However， from chapter eight onward， Lennox shifts the focus significantly， diving into biblical passages from both the Old and New Testament。 While comparing contemporary/future events and technology with biblical teachings can be insightful， dedicating more than half of the book to this felt excessive。 By chapter ten， I felt like I had stopped reading about AI and started reading a theological analysis， giving less attention to the AI discussion that the book initially promised。 Moreover， Lennox’s fixation on biblical teachings， such as the idea that human curiosity is rooted in scripture overshadowed any scientific reasoning。 This narrow focus， left little room for alternative interpretations or scientific discourse。Additionally， the diversity of relevant sources quoted early in the book diminished in the second half。 Lennox shifted almost exclusively to the bible and the works of Yuval Noah Harari， limiting the scope of opinions presented。 I believe that a book discussing AI and the future of humanity should incorporate a broader range of perspectives， rather than relying almost entirely on a historian and religious text。In conclusion， while 2048 starts off strong， offering valuable insights and a unique Christian perspective on AI， the second half was disappointing。 It felt like a completely different book and maybe would have been better suited as such。 。。。more
Gabe Botero
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A warning against the idolization， but not against the use of， the tool that is AI。 Apologetically， it was helpful to hear the definition of man and the application of Revelations figurative language was also helpful。 My biggest takeaway: when man turns to the task-oriented AI for the simplest of tasks， does not man in turn become a task-oriented machine？ Methinks it’s time to rage against the machine。
Jim Moore
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Thought provoking， new day new language， same God forever and forever， Amen！Thought provoking ideas for a new day with new language， but with the same God who is forever and forever， Amen！
Grace Davis
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am already reading this for the 3rd time
John Sagherian
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It seems like everybody’s talking about or writing about Artificial Intelligence （AI） or AGI （Artificial General Intelligence） a type of artificial intelligence that matches or surpasses human capabilities across a wide range of cognitive tasks （Wikipedia）。 If you think I completely understand what I just wrote， you’d be mistaken， but I just read John C。 Lennox’s “2084: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humanity。” Lennox starts by asking where we came from and where we’re going。 He raise It seems like everybody’s talking about or writing about Artificial Intelligence （AI） or AGI （Artificial General Intelligence） a type of artificial intelligence that matches or surpasses human capabilities across a wide range of cognitive tasks （Wikipedia）。 If you think I completely understand what I just wrote， you’d be mistaken， but I just read John C。 Lennox’s “2084: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humanity。” Lennox starts by asking where we came from and where we’re going。 He raises questions like: What does it mean to be human？ In what sense will technology change what it means to be human？ Is the future really “much brighter than you can imagine”？Lennox then goes on to present the biblical perspective。 “In light of what many are prepared to believe about transhumanism and AGI， it is surely not unreasonable to ask that we at least listen to the Biblical perspective on superintelligence and compare it to other scenarios on offer。 There appears to be as yet little， if any， evidence or even consensus of belief that AGI will ever be reached。 In contrast there is a great deal of evidence and a widespread conviction that Jesus Christ is both man and God…。 So， a human superintelligence already exists， “The Word became flesh and dwelt among us” （John 1: 14）。 The uncertain quest to enable humans to become gods pales into insignificance with this true narrative that flows in the exact opposite direction – the staggering fact that God has already become man。”The book has much more; nuggets that need to be mined。 I need to read it again， and again。 And if this subject interests you， you need to read it too。 Prepare to think。 。。。more
Camilo
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De un título sobre IA a predicaciones y argumentación bíblica。 Le doy dos estrella solamente porque el libro inicia con una propuesta interesante sobre las posibles implicaciones de la inteligencia artificial。 Los primeros capítulos me atraparon con su enfoque formativo y bien argumentado。 Sin embargo， luego de varios capítulos de introducción， el autor cambia el tono y se vuelve excesivamente bíblico， apoyando sus ideas casi exclusivamente con versículos de la Biblia。 Este giro religioso desvió De un título sobre IA a predicaciones y argumentación bíblica。 Le doy dos estrella solamente porque el libro inicia con una propuesta interesante sobre las posibles implicaciones de la inteligencia artificial。 Los primeros capítulos me atraparon con su enfoque formativo y bien argumentado。 Sin embargo， luego de varios capítulos de introducción， el autor cambia el tono y se vuelve excesivamente bíblico， apoyando sus ideas casi exclusivamente con versículos de la Biblia。 Este giro religioso desvió la atención del tema principal， haciendo que la discusión sobre IA perdiera fuerza y se volcara en una larga lista de versículos。 Además， en lugar de ofrecer una visión original， el libro parece centrarse en refutar las ideas de Yuval Noah Harari。 Esta constante oposición a Harari limita el desarrollo de una perspectiva propia y hace que la obra se sienta más reactiva que innovadora。 。。。more
Steven H
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LENNOX LOOKS AT CURRENT ISSUES FROM AN “UNABASHEDLY CHRISTIAN” POSITIONJohn C。 Lennox is an emeritus professor of mathematics at the University of Oxford。 He has written many other books。He wrote in the Preface of this 2020 book， “This book represents an attempt to address questions of where humanity is going in terms of technological enhancement， bioengineering， and， in particular， artificial intelligence [AI]。 Will we be able to construct artificial life and superintelligence？ Will humans so m LENNOX LOOKS AT CURRENT ISSUES FROM AN “UNABASHEDLY CHRISTIAN” POSITIONJohn C。 Lennox is an emeritus professor of mathematics at the University of Oxford。 He has written many other books。He wrote in the Preface of this 2020 book， “This book represents an attempt to address questions of where humanity is going in terms of technological enhancement， bioengineering， and， in particular， artificial intelligence [AI]。 Will we be able to construct artificial life and superintelligence？ Will humans so modify themselves that they become something else entirely， and if so， what implications do advances in AI have on our worldviews in general and on the God question in particular？。。。 My own professional background is in mathematics and the philosophy of science， not in AI… It seems to me that there are different levels of involvement in and relationship to AI… [including] writers， some scientifically trained， others not， who are interested in the significance and impact of AI---sociologically， economically， ethically… In fact， there is great interest among all levels of involvement in writing for the thoughtful reader at the level of the public understanding of science。 It is at this level that I have pitched this book…” He observes， “in the view of some people， AGI [artificial general intelligence] is what might eventually be done by human intelligence to produce artificial life and possibly consciousness: ‘upgrading humanity’ is what can be done with human biological life to enhance it。 Both are aimed at producing a superhuman superintelligence。 Whether they will ever do so is another matter entirely and remains to be seen。 Such scenarios raise several obvious questions。 1。 What does it mean to be human？ 2。 In what sense will technology change that it means to be human？ 3。 What are the ethical norms that should be applied to AI development？ 4。 Is ‘rights’ a meaningful category when applied to AGI？ 5。 How will technological advances affect the way in which people， believers or unbelievers， think of God？ 6。 Is the future really ‘much brighter than you imagine’？” （Pg。 51）He points out， “Some of what George Orwell envisaged for 1984 is already with us， so what it will be like in 2084 is anybody’s guess， although the underlying trend is clear—China is already using AI in order to achieve social control。 They are gradually rolling out a social credit system in order to check on the reliability and trustworthiness of citizens… If you behave in ways thought ‘anti-social’… you will lose points， and that will eventually result in penalties… You might even end up as a ‘discredited person’ on a public television screen as you walk past it。” （Pg。 69）He explains， “it might be wise to revisit the biblical account of [human beings’] value and significance。 I shall do this from an unabashedly theistic， indeed， Christian perspective。 My reasons for doing so are threefold。 Firstly， much of the literature on this subject is written from an equally unabashed atheistic perspective， and I think that the public deserve to hear that there actually is another point of view and to be exposed to it so that they can make up their own minds… Secondly， there is evidence that aspects of the biblical worldview lie at the heart of the professed liberal morality that often claims to have shrugged of that worldview in favor of atheism。 Thirdly， I am convinced that science and the Christian worldview make excellent rational companions， whereas science and the atheistic worldview do not… Not surprisingly， I reject atheism because I believe Christianity to be true…。 I also reject it because I am a mathematician interested in science and rational thought。 How could I espouse a worldview that arguably abolishes the very rationality I need to do mathematics？ By contrast， the biblical worldview that traces the origin of human rationality to the fact that we are created in the image of a rational God makes real sense as an explanation for why we can do science。 Science and God mix very well。 It is science and atheism that do not mix。” （Pg。 113-115）He suggests， “The biblical account of the Garden of Eden… relates how the Creator placed the first humans in a garden paradise that was full of promise and interest… However， there was an added dimension to the human environment … the moral dimension… far from diminishing human status， by forbidding one thing， God conferred a unique dignity on humans---that or moral capacity… There must also be a moral boundary that in this case consisted in the forbidding of a single fruit。” （Pg。 135-136）He notes， “one of the stated goals of transhumanism is not merely to improve but to change human nature---as implied in the very word itself。 For many of us， this raises deep ethical and theological concerns。” （Pg。 146）He asserts， “The quest for upgrading humans， creating superintelligence and godhood， is very ancient and… [is now] dressed up in the language of advanced computer technology---very alluring。 The project sounds like the culmination of billions of years of development， initially blind and natural and finally directed by the human mind to which those evolutionary processes gave rise。 Yet at its heart， it delivers a flawed narrative that is neither true to the past nor to the nature of reality… If there is a God who created and upholds the universe and who made us in his image， then a superintelligence， God himself， has always existed。 He is not the End Product。 He is the Producer。” （Pg。 157）He asserts， “it makes sense to think that both 2 Thessalonians and Revelation speak of the same devil-inspired， anti-god， immensely powerful world leader who will in a future time claim divine honors and deceive the world by false wonders and who will in a future time claim divine honors and deceive the world by false wonders and who will be cataclysmically destroyed by the return of Christ in power and great glory。” （Pg。 206）He concludes， “The attempt to make a superintelligent ‘Homo deus’ will neither lead back to God nor lead to God， but rather to the greatest rejection of God the world has ever seen。 There is no way to a glorious future that bypasses the problem of human sin， and the only one who has offered a viable solution to that problem is Jesus Christ… It is this and only this message that can bring real hope to the world… After all， whereas “‘the artificial’ in artificial intelligence is real，’ the divine upgrades are real and not artificial。” （Pg。 227-228）This book will interest Christians studying futurism， Transhumanism， and Artificial Intelligence。 。。。more
Ruth
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I enjoyed this look at the impact of AI potentially on the world， and how to respond to this as Christians。 A solid book that I very much enjoyed。
Psyguy
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I was a little disappointed。 I am such a big fan of Lennox and follow him and his work quite a bit。 I was hoping for some more insight。
Pat Reeder
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Solid-it didn’t go the direction I expected but that doesn’t mean I’m disappointed。 Lennox highlights that AI is less likely to pose a serious threat to humanity as a whole but will be used as a tool of oppression by a ruling class of humans。
Rodney Hall
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2084 by John Lennox is an excellent， yet brief， look at futurism focused on AI and transhumanism。 Lennox takes the road less traveled by contrasting the predominant academic worldviews provided by humanist and atheist's with a Christian one。 The book is well worth reading for those interested in hearing from another view point。 2084 by John Lennox is an excellent， yet brief， look at futurism focused on AI and transhumanism。 Lennox takes the road less traveled by contrasting the predominant academic worldviews provided by humanist and atheist's with a Christian one。 The book is well worth reading for those interested in hearing from another view point。 。。。more
David Morrow
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Excellent
Colby Benedict
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Lennox shines in the first half of the book where he challenges readers to consider not only the question of “what can we use AI for” but also “should we use AI for these tasks？” Though Lennox seeks to show how the gospel truly fulfills the desires behind many of the advances in AI， his exegesis often falls flat which dampens the prophetic nature of the book。
Sfran
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If there was a way to give this book a negative rating I would。Possibly the most worthless book on artificial intelligence anyone could get their hands on - I let google suggest me this book with a "best books on AI ethical concerns" search input， so definitely all on me for not reading the author's background。 Silver lining is this way I can spare some of you time and money from purchasing it。 Now， having gotten this short rant out of the way， let me give an actual review。 There is a lot to say If there was a way to give this book a negative rating I would。Possibly the most worthless book on artificial intelligence anyone could get their hands on - I let google suggest me this book with a "best books on AI ethical concerns" search input， so definitely all on me for not reading the author's background。 Silver lining is this way I can spare some of you time and money from purchasing it。 Now， having gotten this short rant out of the way， let me give an actual review。 There is a lot to say but I'll try to keep in concise。。。With this book， Lennox tries to articulate the various ethical and moral issues that AI advancement will bring to society and human kind - the problem is he does this by providing biblical versus and Christian views as his backing， instead of a more objective perspective on legal and ethical concerns。 For this reason， his views come off not only as "preachy"， but wildly out of place and absurd when he tries to grasp on theological beliefs as evidence to why certain technological advancements should not be pursued。 Two things made this book immediately irrelevant as an objective and reliable critique on the subject。 The first is how he came to the conclusion that advancements towards achieving longer life spans are obsolete given that the second coming of Jesus would bring eternal life to all （emphasizing this as historical and factual evidence rather than simple theological rhetoric）。 The second was his analysis on divine intervention - meaning examining god's intentions as to why he may have yet to intervene on human's current pursuit of a "Homo Deus" through tech， using the tower of Babel as hard historical evidence of divine intervention and god's capability to stop us。On top of that， Lennox really makes it a point to slam Harari's book "Homo Deus"， making it seem as though Harari is playing an active part in AI's progress and direction。 Mind you， Harari is an historian， and his book is only a speculation on what society and human kind could look like in a future where tech and AI play a more cardinal role in every day life。To summarize， Lennox's book is a pedantic sermon on the potential evils of AI and tech advancements， with a considerable lack of objective ethical or scientific perspective， and an overpronounced religious bias。 。。。more
Johanna Lückel
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Every page is so dense in thoughts that my mind exploded while reading it。 John Lennox is indeed mindblowing in this argumentation and I can tell that he is a mathematician through and through。 The more I listen to his interviews， the more I can hear his voice while reading this book。 I hope that people who read Homo Deus from Harari will also give this book a try。 Here you will hear about the true Homo Deus: Jesus Christ。We tend to praise artificial intelligence and get lost in the essence of b Every page is so dense in thoughts that my mind exploded while reading it。 John Lennox is indeed mindblowing in this argumentation and I can tell that he is a mathematician through and through。 The more I listen to his interviews， the more I can hear his voice while reading this book。 I hope that people who read Homo Deus from Harari will also give this book a try。 Here you will hear about the true Homo Deus: Jesus Christ。We tend to praise artificial intelligence and get lost in the essence of being human。 Lennox emphasises， that we should never loose sight of what He did on the cross。 What we need is salvation and a revolution in how our hearts are wired。 We are so desperate for the next technological upgrade， that aspects that make us human deteriorate。 Simply because we work on a human-alternative in whatever sector it may be: robotics， genetic engineering， AI。 Something unreachable is the center of our attention， while the most approachable human being who lived on this earth becomes neglected。Jesus Christ became human flesh - incarnation。 Nothing that is directed in the other direction: humans trying to play God， will change that truth。 + we need more dangerously intelligent academics who foster a biblical mindset。 Every paper in science has a limited amount of references to other papers that are man-made。 Please for one second compare the bible with the most cross-references of them all， which are written by man but inspired by God。 We would need 7 PhDs to uncover every detail of the Word。 Yes， we need eyes for the supernatural， but this is not artificial at all。 It is more real than we can ever imagine。Applause to John Lennox。 You did it again！ 。。。more
Alex Gheondea
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Deceiving titleI have rates this book with two stars for the interesting references and approaches in the first half of it。 The other half is mostly a religious counter-attack of Noah Harrari's 'Homo Deus' and a religious approach to resisting the devilish power of the AI systems that might be sending humans into non-existance。 Therefore， it becomes a tyring book， lacking other kind of arguments than the ones coming from a deep beliving and loving of God， compromising sense on the way。 Mr。 Lenno Deceiving titleI have rates this book with two stars for the interesting references and approaches in the first half of it。 The other half is mostly a religious counter-attack of Noah Harrari's 'Homo Deus' and a religious approach to resisting the devilish power of the AI systems that might be sending humans into non-existance。 Therefore， it becomes a tyring book， lacking other kind of arguments than the ones coming from a deep beliving and loving of God， compromising sense on the way。 Mr。 Lennox is calling out Richard Dawkins for avoiding a debate with him; how would it even be possible to have a debate where one presents an at least doubtful story as the supreme truth and counters the evolution theory with an argument like "something cannot come from nothing， therefore something came from God， which is eternal and needed not to be created， because He just is"。 Regarding the title， "Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humanity"， you have to accept and protect Jesus Christ， otherwise no kindgdom of heavens for you and Jesus will forsake you in front of His Father。 Just so you know what to expect。There seem to be more atheists that revolutionized this last hundred years than belivers。 I wonder why。 。。。more
Daniel Rangel
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Great read！
Tanner Deokielal
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The name of the book is 2084 written by John C。 Lennox。 So far I have read the whole book。 I have read about how far we have already come to developing Artificial Intelligence， we have created AI to do work for us or some companies have already started to develop working bodies for these AI， and we are closer to perfecting the technology than ever。 There is a lot of historical context that led to the creation of this book。 It can be many things but the meain reason on why this book was written i The name of the book is 2084 written by John C。 Lennox。 So far I have read the whole book。 I have read about how far we have already come to developing Artificial Intelligence， we have created AI to do work for us or some companies have already started to develop working bodies for these AI， and we are closer to perfecting the technology than ever。 There is a lot of historical context that led to the creation of this book。 It can be many things but the meain reason on why this book was written is because in the world today there are so many technological advancements。 AI is becoming a bigger thing。 But ChatGBT was not made yet when the book was written。 So for the most part the book was written because the author could see that technology in the future is going to be one of the biggest things in human life。 。。。more
Jerry
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A good introduction and theological primer and AI。 Lennox's premil interpretations hamstring his thinking， but otherwise really fine。 A good introduction and theological primer and AI。 Lennox's premil interpretations hamstring his thinking， but otherwise really fine。 。。。more
Ron Cox
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A religious text masquerading as a scientific exploration of Artificial Intelligence。
Firesenay
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。
Fer Martorell
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Tiene dos partes diferenciadas:Una en la que el autor confronta con autores como Yuval Noah Harari， Dan Brown （¿en serio？）; y otra en la que mete a Dios （el de la Biblia） en todo este lío de la IAG。 Es un libro que solo gustará a perfiles muy muy religiosos。Sobre IA antes recomendaría "Vida 3。0。" de Max Tegmark y el más actual "Artificial" de Mariano Sigman。 Tiene dos partes diferenciadas:Una en la que el autor confronta con autores como Yuval Noah Harari， Dan Brown （¿en serio？）; y otra en la que mete a Dios （el de la Biblia） en todo este lío de la IAG。 Es un libro que solo gustará a perfiles muy muy religiosos。Sobre IA antes recomendaría "Vida 3。0。" de Max Tegmark y el más actual "Artificial" de Mariano Sigman。 。。。more
Joshua King
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